Berger's Disease: key aspects of the disease

Abstract

Berger's Disease, also known as IgA nephropathy, is a primary glomerulonephritis characterized by the abnormal deposition of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the basement membranes of the renal glomeruli. Described by Jean Berger in 1968, this condition is one of the most common forms of glomerulonephritis and can lead to a range of clinical presentations, from microscopic hematuria and proteinuria to nephrotic syndrome and chronic renal failure. The pathogenesis of Berger's Disease involves a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors resulting in pathological IgA deposits, causing inflammation and renal damage. Diagnosis is based on renal biopsy, which reveals abnormal IgA deposits, and can be challenging due to overlap with other glomerulopathies. Treatment generally includes the use of antihypertensive medications and corticosteroids, and the response to treatment can vary, with progression to chronic renal failure being a significant concern. Recent advances in research have shown that additional therapies, such as immunosuppressants and new therapeutic approaches, may offer benefits for more severe cases. Early identification and individualized management are essential to improve outcomes and the quality of life for patients.