Estrategias eficaces para mejorar la adhesión al tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial en pacientes atendidos en atención primaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15276511Palabras clave:
Hipertensión arterial, Atención Primaria de Salud, Adhesión al tratamiento, Intervenciones en salud, Revisión sistemáticaResumen
Introducción: La hipertensión arterial es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad cardiovascular en el mundo. Aunque existen tratamientos eficaces, la baja adhesión terapéutica sigue siendo una barrera crítica, especialmente en la Atención Primaria de Salud (APS). Objetivo: Identificar y analizar críticamente estrategias efectivas de intervención para mejorar la adhesión al tratamiento de la hipertensión en adultos atendidos en la APS. Métodos: Revisión sistemática de estudios de intervención según la guía PRISMA 2020. Resultados: Diecisiete estudios mostraron que los enfoques multicomponentes—que combinan educación, apoyo multidisciplinario y tecnologías móviles—mejoran la adhesión medicamentosa, el conocimiento sobre la enfermedad y, en algunos casos, reducen significativamente la presión arterial. Conclusión: Las estrategias multicomponentes adaptadas al contexto local son más efectivas para aumentar la adhesión terapéutica en la APS.
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