Nursing and Intensive Care: knowledge and attitudes required for new treatment modalities

Abstract

The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a highly complex environment characterized by the increasing incorporation of advanced technologies and the need for specialized care for critically ill patients. In this context, nursing practice requires the integration of technical-scientific knowledge, clinical skills, and attitudes focused on patient safety and humanized care. This study aimed to analyze the knowledge and attitudes required of the nursing team for the incorporation and management of new treatment modalities and technologies in ICUs. This is a qualitative narrative literature review conducted through searches in the LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, and BDENF databases, including publications from 2015 to 2025 in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. The results showed that the introduction of technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, advanced therapies, and new care protocols has transformed intensive nursing practice, increasing the need for continuous professional qualification. Challenges related to workload, occupational risks, and institutional barriers that affect the implementation of the Nursing Process and patient safety were also identified. It was observed that nursing practice must go beyond technical expertise, incorporating managerial competencies, decision-making skills, and interprofessional collaboration. It is concluded that strengthening continuing education, along with institutional support and the integration of technology and humanization, is essential for improving the quality of care and promoting a safety culture in ICUs.