Cases of Congenital Syndrome associated with Zika virus infection (SCZ) between 2015 and 2024 in the state of Pernambuco

Abstract

The Zika virus epidemic, which began in Brazil in 2015, has created one of the greatest challenges for global public health, especially after the virus was associated with Zika-associated congenital syndrome (ZCS), with an increase in cases of microcephaly and other neurological malformations in newborns. This study aimed to analyze ZCS cases in the state of Pernambuco between 2015 and 2024, using data from the TABNET system of the SUS Information Technology Department (DATASUS). The total number of cases, the distribution by sex, and the temporal evolution of the epidemic were analyzed. The results indicate a peak in cases in 2016, with 8,588 notifications, followed by a gradual reduction in subsequent years. Most cases were recorded among males, with a consistent prevalence over the years. The decrease in cases after 2016 probably reflects the control measures of the Aedes aegypti vector and the increase in awareness and prevention. This study contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of the epidemic and the evaluation of public health actions implemented to mitigate its effects.