Clinical outcomes of bipolar disorder in the Brazilian population

Abstract

Bipolar disorder, characterized by extreme fluctuations in mood and energy, affects functionality and quality of life, with a global prevalence close to 1%, similar to that observed in Brazil. The condition is influenced by genetic, neurobiological and environmental factors, and often coexists with other comorbidities, which complicates its diagnosis and management. This study aims to investigate the clinical outcomes of bipolar disorder in the Brazilian population, with an emphasis on the impacts of cultural, socioeconomic and access to healthcare factors. Using a systematic literature review methodology in databases such as PubMed and SciELO, studies were analyzed that discuss the complexity of the pathophysiology of the disorder, including changes in neurotransmitters and brain structures. The results indicate that the symptoms of the disorder vary significantly, being profoundly affected by cultural and socioeconomic variables. The higher prevalence in the Southeast region is attributed to better access to health services and the urban lifestyle. Treatment effectiveness and adherence rates are impacted by disparities in access to care. It is concluded that a multidimensional approach is crucial for the effective management of the disorder in Brazil, requiring collaboration between different sectors to adapt interventions to patients' realities and improve clinical outcomes.