El papel de los centros para el control y la prevención de enfermedades en la vigilancia de enfermedades crónicas en los Estados Unidos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18755694Palabras clave:
Centros para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades, Estados Unidos, Monitoreo Epidemiológico, Enfermedades CrónicasResumen
Las enfermedades crónicas representan un importante desafío para la salud pública en Estados Unidos, representando una gran parte de la morbilidad, la mortalidad y los costos de la atención médica. Aproximadamente el 60% de los adultos estadounidenses viven con al menos una enfermedad crónica, y el 40% padece múltiples enfermedades simultáneamente. Dada esta prevalencia, se requiere una vigilancia sistemática para monitorear tendencias, identificar factores de riesgo y orientar las estrategias de prevención y manejo a nivel nacional y local. Los Centros para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades desempeñan un papel fundamental en este proceso a través de una extensa red de programas de vigilancia que rastrean la prevalencia, la incidencia y los factores asociados para enfermedades como las cardiopatías, el cáncer, los accidentes cerebrovasculares y la diabetes. Los CDC se basan en múltiples fuentes de datos, incluyendo encuestas, registros vitales y datos de salud electrónicos, que se integran en herramientas como la herramienta web Indicadores de Enfermedades Crónicas. Esta plataforma estandariza y centraliza indicadores clave para los profesionales de la salud pública. La modernización continua de los sistemas de datos, con énfasis en la integración de registros de salud electrónicos y el uso de tecnologías avanzadas como la inteligencia artificial y el análisis de datos a gran escala, mejora la precisión, el alcance y la puntualidad de la información recopilada. Esto apoya intervenciones de salud pública más específicas y oportunas, incluyendo enfoques emergentes de salud pública de precisión que incorporan factores genéticos, socioambientales y conductuales en estrategias de prevención personalizadas. Persisten desafíos persistentes, en particular en lo que respecta a la calidad de los datos, la interoperabilidad de los sistemas y la necesidad de capacitación continua del personal para garantizar el uso eficaz de estas herramientas.
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GUIMARÃES, Mateus Henrique Dias. GLOBAL HEALTH RESPONSES TO REDUCE INEQUALITIES IN ADDRESSING HEALTH CRISES. Even3 Publicações, v. 10, p. 7763526, 2026. DOI http://doi.org/10.29327/7763526. Disponível em: https://publicacoes.even3.com.br/preprint/global-health-responses-to-reduce-inequalities-in-addressing-health-crises-7635267
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