Quality of life in patients with chronic hematological diseases and therapeutic impact

Abstract

Quality of life is a concept that involves the perception of health status and enjoyment in daily activities, encompassing physical, emotional, psychological, and social aspects. Patients with chronic hematological diseases, such as leukemia and sickle cell anemia, face challenges that deeply affect their quality of life, with symptoms like extreme fatigue, chronic pain, and complications such as recurrent infections and organ failure. These conditions limit their daily activities and reduce their independence. The aim of this study was to analyze the quality of life of these patients and the impact of therapeutic interventions, identifying the most affected areas and possible ways to improve their well-being. The methodology used was a qualitative bibliographic review, analyzing articles published between 2021 and 2025, addressing the relationship between treatments and the quality of life of patients with chronic hematological diseases. In addition to physical symptoms, the psychological impact caused by the uncertainty of prognosis, such as high levels of anxiety and depression, is a major challenge for these patients. The therapeutic approach should consider not only disease control but also emotional care, psychological support, and the inclusion of adapted physical activities to improve overall well-being. The presence of a social and family support network proved to be essential in improving quality of life and treatment adherence, providing patients with the necessary support during the healing and recovery process.