Factors Associated with Viral Hepatitis Infection in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: an integrative literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20876828Keywords:
Viral hepatitis, Hemodialysis, Chronic kidney disease, Infection control, NursingAbstract
Viral hepatitis represents a significant public health problem, especially in patients undergoing hemodialysis, due to frequent exposure to blood, the use of vascular access devices, and the continuous performance of invasive procedures. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with viral hepatitis infection in patients undergoing hemodialysis. This is an integrative literature review, based on scientific articles available in health databases, considering studies related to hepatitis B and C, hemodialysis, risk factors, prevention, and infection control. The results showed a predominance of hepatitis B and C, with hepatitis C being more frequent in dialysis units. Among the associated factors, prolonged hemodialysis time, transfusion history, use of central venous catheters, multiple hospitalizations, failures in hand hygiene, inadequate glove changes, insufficient surface disinfection, and staff overload stood out. The main preventive measures identified were periodic serological screening, hepatitis B vaccination, monitoring of laboratory markers, proper use of personal protective equipment, and strengthening of biosafety protocols. It is concluded that the prevention of viral hepatitis in hemodialysis patients depends on the integration of epidemiological surveillance, qualified teams, and safe organization of services.
References
ADANE, Tadele et al. Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections among patients undergoing hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open, v. 11, n. 6, e044667, 2021. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044667.
AL KHALIFAH, Rawan et al. Hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patients: epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention strategies. Medicina, v. 59, n. 4, p. 701, 2023.
BASTOS, Marcus Gomes et al. Doença renal crônica: problemas e soluções. Brazilian Journal of Nephrology, v. 44, supl. 1, p. 1-12, 2022.
BERNIEH, Bassam. Viral hepatitis in hemodialysis: an update. Journal of Translational Internal Medicine, v. 3, n. 3, p. 93-105, 2015.
BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Políticas de Saúde. Programa Nacional de Hepatites Virais. Hepatites virais: o Brasil está atento. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2002. Série A. Normas e Manuais Técnicos.
CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION. Recommendations for preventing transmission of infections among chronic hemodialysis patients. MMWR Recommendations and Reports, v. 50, n. RR-5, p. 1-43, 2001.
CONSTANCIO, Natasha Silva et al. Hepatite C nas Unidades de Hemodiálise: diagnóstico e abordagem terapêutica. Brazilian Journal of Nephrology, v. 41, p. 539-549, 2019.
DA FONSECA SOPPA, Francielli Brito et al. Checklist em hemodiálise: construção e validação de ferramenta para segurança no cuidado intensivo. Revista de Administração em Saúde, v. 19, n. 74, 2019.
DA MOTTA, Raquel de Oliveira Laudiosa et al. Prevenção e controle de infecção no setor de terapia renal substitutiva. RECIMA21-Revista Científica Multidisciplinar-ISSN 2675-6218, v. 2, n. 10, p. e210800-e210800, 2021.
DE BRITO, Francisca Iris Araújo et al. Infecção da corrente sanguínea relacionada ao cateter de hemodiálise. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde| ISSN, v. 2178, p. 2091, 2024.
DE SOUSA, Suellen Rodrigues Gomes et al. Panorama das hepatites virais: um estudo atual. Research, Society and Development, v. 9, n. 9, p. e446997443-e446997443, 2020.
DIAS, Camila Maciel et al. Epidemiologia das hepatites virais no Brasil. Revista Baiana de Saúde Pública, v. 44, n. 4, p. 76-92, 2020.
DO NASCIMENTO, Letícia Gabrielle Sales et al. Perfil microbiológico em pacientes hemodialisados no Brasil: Uma revisão de literatura integrativa. Research, Society and Development, v. 12, n. 2, p. e26912239277-e26912239277, 2023.
DOS SANTOS, Vânia Aparecida; ARAÚJO, Haroldo Ferreira; DOS SANTOS, Marcio Luiz. Intercorrências clínicas em hemodiálise ambulatorial: intervenções do enfermeiro. Ensaios e Ciência: Ciências Biológicas, Agrárias e da Saúde, v. 24, n. 5-esp., p. 611-618, 2020.
FLYTHE, Jennifer E. et al. Hemodialysis treatment practices and outcomes: advances and current perspectives. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, v. 19, n. 2, p. 145-158, 2024.
HINRICHSEN, H. et al. Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis C virus infection in haemodialysis patients: a multicentre study in 2796 patients. Gut, v. 51, n. 3, p. 429-433, 2002.
JADOUL, Michel et al. Prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patients. Kidney International, v. 95, n. 4, p. 939-947, 2019.
JARDINE, Meg J. et al. Kidney Health Australia – Caring for Australasians with Renal Impairment guideline recommendations for infection control for haemodialysis units. Nephrology, v. 24, n. 9, p. 951-957, 2019.
KENFACK-MOMO, Raoul et al. Hepatitis B and C prevalence among hemodialysis patients: global epidemiological trends and associated factors. BMC Nephrology, v. 25, n. 1, 2024.
LANG, Jeremy et al. Hemodialysis: principles, mechanisms and clinical application. Kidney International Reports, v. 8, n. 3, p. 455-468, 2023.
LEÃO, José Rafael; PACE, Fabio Heleno de Lima; CHEBLI, Julio Maria Fonseca. Infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C em pacientes em hemodiálise: prevalência e fatores de risco. Arquivos de Gastroenterologia, v. 47, n. 1, p. 28-34, 2010.
LEVEY, Andrew S.; CORESH, Josef. Chronic kidney disease and progression to kidney failure. StatPearls Publishing, 2023.
MENDES, Karina Dal Sasso; SILVEIRA, Renata Cristina de Campos Pereira; GALVÃO, Cristina Maria. Revisão integrativa: método de pesquisa para a incorporação de evidências na saúde e na enfermagem. Texto & Contexto Enfermagem, v. 17, n. 4, p. 758-764, 2008.
NATIONAL KIDNEY FOUNDATION. Global facts: about kidney disease. New York: National Kidney Foundation, 2024.
NERBASS, Fabiana Baggio et al. Brazilian Dialysis Survey 2023. Brazilian Journal of Nephrology, 2025.
OLIVEIRA, Ivania Cristina Monteles; DE MOURA, Layanne Cavalcante. FATORES DE RISCO E PREVENÇÃO DE INFECCÇÃO DE CATETER VENOSO EM HEMODIALISE. Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences, v. 5, n. 5, p. 4157-4173, 2023.
SANTOS, Cristina Mamédio da Costa; PIMENTA, Cibele Andrucioli de Mattos; NOBRE, Moacyr Roberto Cuce. A estratégia PICO para a construção da pergunta de pesquisa e busca de evidências. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, v. 15, n. 3, p. 508-511, 2007.
SCHAEFER, Roberta Ferreira; FERNANDES, Sabrina Cristina Cantarino. Hemodiálise: análise das taxas de infecção relacionadas aos acessos. Revista Recien-Revista Científica De Enfermagem, v. 11, n. 33, p. 178-185, 2021.
SCHWANKE, Alessandra Amaral et al. Cateter venoso central para hemodiálise: incidência de infecção e fatores de risco. Revista brasileira de enfermagem, v. 71, p. 1115-1121, 2018.
TIMÓTEO, Maria Vitória Fernandes et al. Perfil epidemiológico das hepatites virais no Brasil. Research, Society and development, v. 9, n. 6, p. e29963231-e29963231, 2020.
VIJAYAN, Anitha; BOYCE, John M. 100% use of infection control procedures in hemodialysis facilities: call to action. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, v. 13, n. 4, p. 671-673, 2018.
YU, Yueh-Ching; LIN, Chia-Yen; CHEN, Shih-Chung; LI, Wei-Chih. Management of hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patients. World Journal of Hepatology, v. 6, n. 6, p. 419-425, 2014.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Social Issues and Health Sciences (JSIHS)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
