Multiprofessional Interventions in Primary Health Care as a Quaternary Prevention Strategy Against Self-Medication and Iatrogenesis

Abstract

The search for complete well-being has often been distorted by a purely interventionist and medicalizing care model, which raises the importance of Quaternary Prevention as na ethical strategy to identify individuals at risk of overmedicalization and iatrogenesis. Given this, this research seeks to analyze the contributions of multidisciplinary team interventions in preventing iatrogenesis and controlling self-medication, aiming to identify strategies that favor the rational use of medicines and the promotion of patient safety within Primary Care. The methodology consisted of a narrative and qualitative bibliographic review, with a descriptive character, based on databases such as SciELO, PubMed, and Google Scholar, covering publications between 2022 and 2026. The results indicate that Primary Care is the ideal setting for containing the “pill-pushing of distress,” where the joint action of doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and psychologists allows for the deconstruction of chemical dependency in the face of social suffering. It was identified that analgesics and benzodiazepines are the most trivialized drugs, requiring interventions such as “permitted delay” and deprescribing in the elderly to avoid iatrogenic cascades. Furthermore, the inclusion of physiotherapists and nutritionists offers non-pharmacological alternatives that reduce therapeutic escalation. It is concluded that patient safety depends on a longitudinal care model that values clinical time and matrix support. By strengthening the bond and the user’s autonomy against pharmaceutical market pressures, the multidisciplinary team acts as na ethical filter, ensuring care that is proportional, safe, and free from unnecessary interventions.