Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): innovative approaches for treating insulin resistance

Abstract

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies among women of reproductive age, often associated with insulin resistance (IR), which exacerbates clinical manifestations and complicates the management of the condition. This article reviews innovative approaches for treating insulin resistance in patients with PCOS, covering both pharmacological interventions, such as insulin sensitizers, and non-pharmacological strategies, such as low-glycemic diets and personalized physical exercise. A systematic review was conducted based on studies published between 2012 and 2023. The results suggest that a combined approach, including lifestyle modification and pharmacological treatment, offers the best outcomes in improving insulin resistance and symptoms associated with PCOS. Additionally, new therapies, such as DPP-4 inhibitors and GLP-1 analogs, have shown promising effects in the metabolic regulation of patients with PCOS. It is concluded that the treatment of insulin resistance in PCOS should be multidisciplinary, personalized, and continuously updated according to scientific advances.