The importance of caatinga medicinal plants: economic, cultural and scientific impact on local communities

Abstract

This work reviews the importance of medicinal plants from the Caatinga, a semi-arid biome in northeastern Brazil, highlighting their economic, cultural, and scientific relevance. The medicinal flora of the Caatinga, adapted to harsh conditions, provides valuable therapeutic resources for local communities. Species such as Barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens) and Umburana (Commiphora leptophloeos) are essential in both traditional medicine and regional economies, offering treatment alternatives and income opportunities for local inhabitants. Recent studies show that these plants not only support local health but also have potential for new scientific discoveries and applications in modern medicine. Ongoing research is crucial for validating therapeutic properties and exploring new possibilities, while the conservation and sustainable management of these plants are necessary to protect biodiversity and promote sustainability. Integrating traditional knowledge with modern science is essential to ensure the preservation and sustainable development of the medicinal flora of the Caatinga, benefiting both local communities and scientific advancement.